POST-test

TBF 3033 Animal Physiology

Matric Num:

Section A

1. Name three processes undergoing the nervous system work,

A._________________
B._________________
C. _________________

2. Electrical synapses send signals ……………………………………...

A) using neurotransmitters
B) through synaptic clefts
C) through gap junctions
D) using dopamine

3. The neuron functions are…………………………………………………

i. Signal reception
ii. Signal integration
iii. Signal conduction
iv. Signal transmission

A. i and ii
B. i and iv
C. i, iii and iv
D. i, ii, iii and iv

4. Write the membrane potential charge at normal resting potential in an animal.
___________________

5. During the resting state of mammalian axonplasm, the concentration of sodium ion is ___A___ and concentration of potassium ion is ___B____ because voltage-gated of sodium channels is ____C_____ and the sodium-potassium ion is ____D_____.

6. Arrange the role of voltage-gated channels in the action potential

i. Na+ channel closed but K+ channel remain open because of their slow moving gate. K+ keep flowing out of the cell

ii. Na+ channel closed, K+ channel open. K+ leaves the cell. The inside of the cell become more negative

iii. Na+ channel open, Na+ rush into the cell. Interior of the cell become more positive. An action potential is generated.

iv. Both K+ and Na+ channel closed.


A. iv, ii,i,iii
B. i, ii,iii,iv
C. iv, iii,ii,i
D. iii,iv, ii,i

7. The diagram 1 shows the permeability of an axon to Na+ and K+ ions during an action potential. Which of the following shows the correct movement of these ions in the axon?

Diagram 1: Permeability of axon membrane to K+ and Na+

A. Na+ ions enter the axon; K+ ions leave the axon.
B. Na+ ions leave the axon; K+ ions enter the axon.
C. Both Na+ and K+ ions enter the axon
D. Both Na+ and K+ ions leave the axon.

8. The process of transmission across a synapse is carried out by neurotransmitters. Arrange the process below:

i. Stimulates synaptic vesicles into merge with the presynaptic membrane

ii. Neurotransmitter molecules are release into synaptic cleft

iii. Sudden rise in calcium at the of one neuron

A. i,ii,iii
B. iii,i,ii
C. ii,iii,i
D. i,iii,ii

9. The functions of cerebrum is / are

i. Coordinates body movements

ii. Integrate motor command.

iii. Aids in learning motor skills

iv. Ensure proper muscle groups are either activated or inhibited.

A. iv
B. ii and iii
C. ii and iv
D. i and iv

10. Given are the components involved in transmitting an action potential to nerve cells:

i. Afferent neuron

ii. Intergrating center

iii. Affector cell

iv. Efferent neuronv. Sensory receptor

Choose the correct order an action potential travels through them from a stimulus to the resulting action

A. i,ii,iii,iv,v
B. v, i, ii,iv iii
C. iii,iv,ii,i,v
D. v, iv,ii, i, iii

Section B

1. Label A, B, C, D in Diagram 2 showing changes in a nerve cell potential below:

Diagram 2:Voltage-gated channel ion

A-___________
B-___________
C-___________
D-___________

2. The diagram 3 shows the structure of a nerve synapse.

Diagram 3: A synapse

a) Label structures A to F

b) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of a nerve impulse (an action potential) in the presynaptic neurone.

c) Name a common neurotransmitter present in the synaptic vesicle.

d) Name an ion that move into the postsynaptic neuron in an excitatory synapse.

e) Suggest one reason why structure C contain large number of organelle D.

f) State the functions of structure A and structure B.